在切割碳钢时,一般采用辅助气体辅助操作,常用的辅助气体有氧、氮、空气等。在切割碳钢时,这三种气体的区别是什么?
要了解辅助气体的作用机理,必须了解各种辅助气体对切割工艺的影响。采用空气切割的优点显而易见,不需要成本。用空气时,只需考虑空气压缩机和设备本身的电费,省下高昂的煤气费。其切割效率可与氮气切割相比,是一种既经济又高效的切割方法。但是气割在截面上也有明显的缺点。首先,切面会产生毛刺,需要二次加工来清理,不利于整个产品的生产周期。二是切面发黑,影响产品质量。激光切割机本身具有高效率和高精度的优点,空气切割的弊端,使很多客户放弃了这种切割方式。
然后用氧气切割,氧气切割是最常用、最传统的切割方式。采用氧气的光纤激光切割机的优势主要是体现在气体成本上,在以碳钢为主的钣金加工中,不必频繁更换辅助气,提高切割效率,方便管理。但是缺点是氧气切割后,在切割面上会留下一层氧化膜,如果直接焊接这类带氧化膜的产品,时间一长,氧化膜就会自然剥落,产品就形成虚焊,影响焊接质量。
最终采用氮气切割,在以氧为辅助气体时,切割面将形成一层氧化膜,采用氮气可防止氧化膜的产生,形成无氧化切割。非氧化性切割表面一般泛白,可直接焊接、喷涂等加工。耐蚀性强的特性也使得它的应用范围非常广。
材质 | 厚度(mm) | 1000w | 2000w | 3000w | 4000w | 6000w | 8000w | 10000w | 12000w |
碳钢 (氧气辅助) |
1 | 16-25 | 25-32 | 32-45 | 42-58 | 61-81 | 71-92 | 82-102 | 82-102 |
2 | 5.3-7.7 | 5.8-8.5 | 7.5-9.5 | 8.5-10.3 | 9.5-12.5 | 10.5-13 | 10.5-13 | 10.5-13 | |
3 | 2.7-4.4 | 3.8-5.2 | 4.5-6.2 | 4.8-6.8 | 4.7-7.5 | 4.7-7.5 | 4.7-7.5 | 4.7-7.5 | |
4 | 2.2-2.7 | 2.8-3.8 | 3.8-4.8 | 4.2-5.3 | 4.5-5.8 | 4.5-5.8 | 4.5-5.8 | 4.5-5.8 | |
5 | 1.8-2.3 | 2.6-3.3 | 3.4-3.8 | 3.5-4.2 | 3.7-4.5 | 4-4.8 | 4-4.8 | 4-4.8 | |
6 | 1.4-1.8 | 1.8-2.8 | 2.8-3.5 | 3.2-3.8 | 3.5-4.2 | 3.8-4.5 | 3.8-4.5 | 3.8-4.5 | |
8 | 0.8-1.4 | 1.4-1.8 | 1.8-2.8 | 2.3-3.3 | 2.5-3.5 | 2.8-3.8 | 2.8-3.8 | 2.8-3.8 | |
10 | 0.8-1.5 | 1.3-1.8 | 1.5-2.2 | 1.8-2.7 | 2-2.9 | 2.3-3.2 | 2.3-3.2 | 2.3-3.2 | |
12 | 0.6-0.9 | 0.9-1.5 | 1.3-1.8 | 1.5-2.2 | 1.8-2.5 | 1.9-2.7 | 1.9-2.7 | 1.9-2.7 | |
14 | - | 0.8-0.9 | 0.9-1.6 | 1.3-1.9 | 1.6-2.2 | 1.7-2.5 | 1.7-2.5 | 1.7-2.5 | |
16 | - | 0.7-0.8 | 0.8-1.5 | 0.9-1.8 | 0.9-2 | 1.2-2.2 | 1.2-2.2 | 1.2-2.2 | |
18 | - | 0.5-0.7 | 0.8-1.3 | 0.8-1.5 | 0.9-1.7 | 1.1-1.9 | 1.1-1.9 | 1.1-1.9 | |
20 | - | - | 0.7-0.9 | 0.8-1.2 | 0.9-1.4 | 1-1.7 | 1-1.7 | 1-1.7 | |
22 | - | - | 0.6-0.7 | 0.7-0.9 | 0.8-1.1 | 0.9-1.3 | 0.9-1.3 | 0.9-1.3 | |
25 | - | - | - | 0.4-0.6 | 0.5-0.7 | 0.6-0.8 | 0.6-0.8 | 0.6-0.8 | |
不锈钢 (氮气辅助) |
1 | 20-27 | 25-32 | 34-45 | 42-57 | 62-82 | 72-92 | 82-103 | 105-124 |
2 | 8-15 | 12-19 | 20-24 | 23-33 | 33-45 | 45-58 | 73-92 | 85-105 | |
3 | 1.8-2.8 | 4.5-7 | 8.5-15 | 15-20 | 18-28 | 35-40 | 43-58 | 63-68 | |
4 | 1.5-2 | 3.5-5 | 7-10 | 9-15 | 16-20 | 18-26 | 33-41 | 43-58 | |
5 | 0.7-0.9 | 2-2.8 | 3.5-5.5 | 4.5-7.5 | 9-15 | 14-19 | 18-27 | 32-40 | |
6 | - | 1.8-2.5 | 2.3-4.6 | 4.5-7 | 7-10 | 10-16 | 14-20 | 22-28 | |
8 | - | 0.9-1.5 | 1.6-2.3 | 1.8-3.5 | 4.5-6 | 6.5-9 | 10-17 | 15-20 | |
10 | - | - | 0.9-1.2 | 0.9-1.6 | 2-2.8 | 3.5-6 | 6.5-9 | 10-15 | |
12 | - | - | 0.7-1 | 0.8-1.2 | 1.5-2.2 | 2.2-4 | 4-6 | 7-10 | |
14 | - | - | - | 0.7-1 | 0.8-1.2 | 1.5-2.5 | 2.2-3.5 | 4-7 | |
20 | - | - | - | - | 0.7-1.1 | 0.8-1.5 | 1.5-2.2 | 2.5-4 | |
25 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.7-0.9 | 0.9-1.2 | 1.5-2.2 | |
30 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.6-0.8 | 0.8-1.1 | 0.9-1.8 | |
40 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.5-0.6 | 0.6-0.9 | 0.8-1.5 | |
铝 (氮气辅助) |
1 | 8-12 | 23-28 | 30-42 | 43-58 | 55-68 | 83-95 | 88-103 | 105-124 |
2 | 3-5 | 9-13 | 15-20 | 18-28 | 28-38 | 40-53 | 83-93 | 85-105 | |
3 | 1-2 | 5-8 | 9-13 | 15-18 | 18-23 | 25-33 | 36-55 | 85-95 | |
4 | - | 3-5 | 4-7 | 8-13 | 15-18 | 17-22 | 23-35 | 40-55 | |
5 | - | 1.5-2 | 4-5 | 6-9 | 8-12 | 9-14 | 15-20 | 23-33 | |
6 | - | 1-3 | 2-4.5 | 3.5-5 | 4.5-6.5 | 5-9 | 10-15 | 15-20 | |
8 | - | - | 1-1.3 | 1.5-2.5 | 3-4 | 5-7 | 6-9 | 10-15 | |
10 | - | - | 0.8-1 | 1.2-1.8 | 1.6-2.3 | 2.5-4 | 5-8 | 6-10 | |
12 | - | - | - | 0.9-1.1 | 1-1.6 | 1.8-2.3 | 2.5-3.5 | 5-8 | |
14 | - | - | - | 0.7-0.9 | 0.9-1.2 | 1-1.8 | 1.6-2.5 | 2.8-3.5 | |
20 | - | - | - | - | 0.6-0.9 | 0.8-1.3 | 1-1.8 | 1.6-2.5 | |
25 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.7-0.9 | 0.9-1.2 | 1-1.8 | |
35 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.7-0.9 | 0.9-1.2 | |
铜 (氮气辅助) |
1 | 8-12 | 16-20 | 28-38 | 40-48 | 53-65 | 75-88 | 85-95 | 90-105 |
2 | 3-4 | 5-7 | 12-18 | 15-20 | 28-35 | 36-48 | 75-90 | 85-100 | |
3 | 1-2 | 3-5 | 7-10 | 9-15 | 15-20 | 17-28 | 33-15 | 75-90 | |
4 | - | 2-4 | 3.5-6 | 5-9 | 8-13 | 10-18 | 18-28 | 32-45 | |
5 | - | 1.6-2 | 2.5-4 | 3.5-7 | 6.5-9 | 9-15 | 10-18 | 15-30 | |
6 | - | - | 1.5-2.5 | 2-4 | 3.5-6 | 4.5-8 | 9-12 | 12-18 | |
8 | - | - | 0.9-1.3 | 1-1.8 | 1.6-2.5 | 2.8-4.5 | 5-7 | 9-12 | |
10 | - | - | - | 0.8-1.2 | 1-1.8 | 1.5-2.5 | 2.6-5 | 5.5-7 | |
12 | - | - | - | - | 0.7-0.9 | 1-1.8 | 2-3.5 | 2.5-5 | |
16 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.8-1.2 | 1-1.8 | 2-2.5 | |
18 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.8-1 | 1-2 |
以上切割数据仅供参考,具体以实际切割效果为准